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The Gerald Warner Taiwan Image Collection
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11
item(s) for:
"304 Body Alterations"
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1.
[wa0002] [Tsou tooth removal]
300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations; 280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 281 Work in Skins
Tsou adult males; two are standing and removing tooth from squatting male. Men are wearing trademark skin caps. Segawa and Yuasa write: ""At the age of fifteen to twenty, the Tsou extract some of their teeth....They extract the upper eye teeth and the incisors, four in total. This is for beautification and to attract the opposite sex. The pulled teeth are put under the bed for longevity"" (Yuasa 2000, p. 39). Tsou men are usually pictured in one of a variety of types of leather headgear with chin straps, some with feathers attached [wa0056] [wa0327], intricate embroidery [wa0054], with leather tails [wa0021], with bear fur [wa0149] or with back-flaps (shown here). Segawa and Yuasa write: ""leather headgear is made from the tanned skin of the bardking deer (ta'cu, Muntiacus reevesic micrurus). It is put on for celebration, or to symbolize a chief. Unmarried men are not allowed to put on l
2.
[wa0041] [Paiwan forearm tattoos]
560 Social Stratification; 565 Class; 300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations; 301 Ornament
Waist-belts, necklace, bracelets and tattoos of Paiwan males. H. Suzuki comments that these tattoos are marks of princely descent (H. Suzuki 1935, p. 65).
3.
[wa0123] [Atayal tattooing process]
By 1935, according to H. Suzuki, tattooing had become a thing of the past. Location: Paalan village in Taizhong (p. 16).
4.
[wa0151] [Bunun tooth removal]
300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations
Translated Japanese caption: ""Actual scene of tooth-pulling (Bunun tribe)."" See [wa0002] for discussion of the cultural significance of tooth removal. A slightly different shot of this same scene was published in 人類学雑誌 (Journal of Anthropology) in January, 1936, to illustrate Bunun tooth-extraction practices. Thus, at least two photos survived from this particular shoot. The shot pictured here is the one reproduced in other postcard collections and the forthcoming Yuasa/Segawa publication of Bunun photographs.
5.
[wa0173] No. 204 AN OLD SAVAGE WOMAN, FORMOSA
300 Adornment; 290 Clothing; 304 Body Alterations
Zhuang Yongming (2004) used this photo to illustrate his discussion of Japan's Aborigine Administration ca. 1913, a year of heavy fighting in northern Aborigine country. According to Zhuang, the Japanese sought to pacify the Aborigines into submission; one aspect of strategy was the eradication of traditional customs, of which tattooing was one (p. 46).
6.
[wa0175] 10 Beautiful girl of Taroko Savage, Formosa
290 Clothing; 300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations
According to Masegseg Jingror: ""Tattoo marking is a common practice among the...Atayal. For women, having tattoo marks on one's face and body means three things: First, it is a symbol of reaching maturity. Second, it indicates that she is a person capable [of] weaving. And finally but not the least, when they pass away they can recognize the spirits of their ancestors in heaven through the design of the tattoo marks. Besides, tattoo marks were believed to have magical power which enabled them to avoid evil forces. But more importantly, tattoos are marks of their identity indicating to which tribe they belong"" (Tung 1996, p. 152). According to Zhuang (2001), this photo is from the 1930s (p. 68). This same colorized image, with the Japanese caption cropped off, was still being reproduced and sold in Taiwan as late as 2007, under the imprint: ""[原味台湾] Aborigin
7.
[wa0177] 8 Beautiful girl of Tairayu tribe, Formosa
290 Clothing; 300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations
Translated caption: ""Atayal beauty. There are many women of the Atayal tribe with physical beauty and healthful radiance. Among them are any number of Miss Taiwan contestants."" This same colorized image, with the Japanese caption cropped off, was still being reproduced and sold in Taiwan as late as 2007, under the imprint: ""[原味台湾] Aboriginal Peoples of Taiwan"". The back matter on these reproductions is trilingual: ""泰雅族美少女/タイヤル族美少女/Tayal maid.""
8.
[wa0183] 211 OLD CHIEF OF TAIYARU TRIBE, FORMOSA
622 Community Heads; 620 Community; 290 Clothing; 300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations
Translated caption: ""Elder chief of the Atayal tribe. Though he is aged, the sturdy man is very hale and hearty. The three lines on his chest probably express success in battles of yore."" This man is also pictured in image [0326], where he is correctly identified as a member of the Saisiat group (this caption refers to him as ""Atayal"".) Ethnomusicologist Kurosawa Takatomo interviewed this man on March 18 and 19th, 1943, in Shipajii. His Saisiat name was Taro Yuuma ([Taro' Wumao, Taro'a 'oemaw] Xie 2002, p. 101) and Japanese name Iha Kotarō 伊波幸太郎. According to Kurosawa, Yuuma was born in 1880. His son Jintaro 仁太郎, a Policeman in Shipajii when Kurosawa visited, was 35 at the time. Yuuma looks nearly identical, in pose and demeanor, in Kurosawa's 1943 photo, except he is dressed in long sleeves and pants, almost like a convict
9.
[wa0184] 1 An old Savage of Taiyaru tribe, Formosa
622 Community Heads; 620 Community; 290 Clothing; 300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations
According to Masau Mona, the ""green head-band ... has nothing to do with status. Bamboo roots are stuck in their hair as ornaments. Necklaces are made of shell plates. Ten shell plates are strung together with ramie strings, each plate with two holes in it"" (Tung 1996, p. 201). This same colorized image, with the Japanese caption cropped off, was still being reproduced and sold in Taiwan as late as 2007, under the imprint: ""[原味台湾]Aboriginal Peoples of Taiwan"". The back matter on these reproductions is trilingual: ""紋面的泰雅族老勇士/刺墨のタイヤル族老勇士/Tattooed Tayal Warrior"".
10.
[wa0208] No. 214 SAVAGE WOMAN OF TAIYARU TRIBE FORMOSA
290 Clothing; 300 Adornment; 304 Body Alterations
These women are identified in Tung (1996) as residents of ""Chingkuang 静観 village of Nantou County. They belong to the Sedeq group of Atayal. Suzuki identifies the woman on the left as a Toda タウツア resident (1935, p.17). This photo was also reproduced under the ""Taiwan Historical Postcards Series"" imprint, with the Japanese caption cropped off. The titles and captions on the back of the card are bilingual: ""泰雅的婦女/The Atayal Women/図中婦女的衣著結合了現代布料興伝統形式, 外加的袈裟衣則為伝統的泰服装/The women’s costumes in the picture are made from modern materials in a traditional design. The robe is typical At
11.
[wa0241] TTatooing by Savages, Formosa
300 Adornment; 290 Clothing; 304 Body Alterations
This photo taken in January, 1915 by Mori Ushinosuke. He wrote, ""the Atayal have the custom of tattooing to mark the passage to maturity 成年. Taroko woman of Tarowan village. The woman applying the tattoo has needles and soot at her side for supplies"" (Mori 1918:1, p.15, partially translated and quoted in Tung 1996, p. 154).
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