The Gerald Warner Taiwan Image Collection : Search Results

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The Gerald Warner Taiwan Image Collection

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Search results: 30 item(s) for: "462 Division of Labor by Gender"

	Title:	Subject:	Description:

1.	[wa0001] [Bunun woman weaving]	460 Labor; 290 Clothing; 280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 286 Woven Fabrics; 294 Clothing Manufacture; 462 Division of Labor by Gender	Kanetowan village, Taizhong (H. Suzuki 1935, p. 44), usually considered Bunun territory, the Paiwan identification on the back of the photo is probably mistaken. One of many photos in this collection of a woman in seated position with hand-loom. Hand-woven Aborigine (蕃布) cloth was a common export item at the so-called ""Aborigine trading posts"" in Taiwan during the colonial period. To the present day, such cloth has been the object of intense study by anthropologists, as well as a staple of the tourism industry. See (Nihon chiri taikei 1930, p. 332) for a photo of various types of cloth with other mountain trade goods like deer skin, antlers, tongcao [wa0130] in a trading post. Also see images [wa0153] [wa0210] [wa0259] [wa0292] and [wa0294] for similar photos of cloth manufacture.

2.	[wa0004] [Ten Orchid Island women carrying vessels]	460 Labor; 320 Processing of Basic Materials; 250 Food Processing; 251 Preservation and Storage of Food; 323 Ceramic Technology; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 482 Burden Carrying; 480 Travel and Transportation	Women in striped dresses carry ceramic jars in front of a bamboo-and-thatch building. According to Chen Chi-lu, only the Ami and Yami continued to manufacture pottery into the 1950s and 1960s. While pottery-making was women's work among the Ami, it was men's work on Orchid Island. The pottery pictured here are for storing water. Kano Tadao writes: ""Water for drinking or culinary use is always drawn from an open or artesian well inside the village. Besides the puraranaum, a water pot used for carrying and storage, a bamboo cylinder or a coconut-shell may be used for the same purpose. ..Sea-water is often used for boiling fish"" (Kano 1956, p. 234). Chen Chi-lu adds: ""For a cooking pot or water vessel, the Yami potter first puts a leaf...on the ground, and puts the clay on the leaf. A pancake of clay forms the base. Clay strips are then built up on it to form the wall of the vessel. It i

3.	[wa0050] [Atayal women hulling rice]	413 Special Tools; 410 Tools and Appliances; 460 Labor; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 250 Food Processing	Atayal women hull grain with a foot-operated device. The poor lighting of this shot suggests an amateur production; nonetheless, this photo is not among the negatives or scrapbook photos in the Warner collection.

4.	[wa0062] [Bunun women hulling]	460 Labor; 410 Tools and Appliances; 280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 250 Food Processing; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 285 Mats and Basketry	Several Bunun women hulling grain with large wooden pestles. One male stands in the background, observing. Taizhong prefecture, Kanetowan カネトワン Village. According to Suzuki (1935), they are preparing an alcoholic beverage (p. 40).

5.	[wa0063] [Two Paiwan females carrying baskets]	280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 285 Mats and Basketry; 460 Labor; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 482 Burden Carrying; 480 Travel and Transportation	Two Paiwan women standing on a roadside, transporting goods in baskets atop their heads. The large bamboo stalk is used for transporting water (according to several similar photos in other collections).

6.	[wa0067] [Women hulling millet in Pingdong]	260 Food Consumption; 262 Diet; 460 Labor; 410 Tools and Appliances; 250 Food Processing; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 290 Clothing	Two Paiwan women hulling millet with large wooden pestles on a slate work surface. Chantal Zheng's caption: ""南部的原住民(1910)"". Zheng located it in File 26, Box 4, Taiwan/Formosa Photographs, Presbyterian Church of England archives (Zheng 2004, p. 187).

7.	[wa0068] [Atayal woman transporting produce]	280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 285 Mats and Basketry; 460 Labor; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 482 Burden Carrying; 480 Travel and Transportation	Atayal woman carrying a basket. ""Not stopping to rest her hands, she pulls apart hemp (H. Suzuki 1935, p. 18).

8.	[wa0097] [Three women hulling millet with pestles]	460 Labor; 410 Tools and Appliances; 250 Food Processing; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 413 Special Tools; 290 Clothing	H. Suzuki enthused: ""The sounds of 18 maidens pounding pestles sounds like songbirds in the mountain"" (Suzuki 1935, p.21). The three Atayal women pictured here, however, are hulling millet with their wooden pestles, which differ from the musical variety. Mashitobaon village, Taizhong prefecture

9.	[wa0120] [Women carrying earthenware vessel]	460 Labor; 320 Processing of Basic Materials; 290 Clothing; 482 Burden Carrying; 323 Ceramic Technology; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 480 Travel and Transportation	This woman is identified as ""Ami."" A colorized version of this same photo states that his woman is ""drawing water"" (image [wa0320]). Hualian district, 奇密 village.

10.	[wa0144] [Ami pottery-making]	460 Labor; 320 Processing of Basic Materials; 250 Food Processing; 251 Preservation and Storage of Food; 323 Ceramic Technology; 462 Division of Labor by Gender	Taidong district, Karimagari カリマガリ village. Professor Chen Chi-lu writes [based on March 1959 fieldwork]: ""Among the Ami, pottery making is confined to women....The Ami make pottery by modeling. A lump of clay is shaped by hand in the form of the future pot. Then paddle and anvil are employed to continue the work of shaping it. The anvil, called arimoleh, is usually a round pebble (about 7 cm. in diameter) from a river bed; and the paddle (about 25-30cm wide, and 1-3cm thick) called asteteh, is made of wood. The pottery is modeled on a base, called langah....Then the pot is smoothed by hand with water. When finished, the pot is placed in the shade for four to five days, and then fired in an open space near the riverbank"" (Chen 1968, p. 110-111). The translated caption: ""Women making pots (Ami tribe).""

11.	[wa0146] [Going on a hunt]	230 Animal Husbandry; 460 Labor; 410 Tools and Appliances; 220 Food Quest; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 231 Domesticated Animals; 411 Weapons; 224 Hunting and Trapping	Saisiat men with spears, machetes, guns and hunting dogs. H. Suzuki places these men in Taiai village, Xinzhu prefecture (1935, p. 29).

12.	[wa0148] [Bunun men dressing a boar]	460 Labor; 410 Tools and Appliances; 220 Food Quest; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 411 Weapons; 224 Hunting and Trapping	Translated Japanese caption: ""Capturing wild boar in the mountains (Bunun tribe)."" H. Suzuki labels it ""dividing the spoils.""

13.	[wa0153] [Seated Atayal woman at loom]	460 Labor; 290 Clothing; 280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 286 Woven Fabrics; 294 Clothing Manufacture; 462 Division of Labor by Gender	Translated Japanese caption: ""Woman weaving cloth (Atayal tribe)."" Also see images [wa0001] [wa0210] [wa0259] [wa0292] and [wa0294] for similar photos of cloth manufacture. Translated Japanese caption: ""Woman weaving on a loom (Atayal tribe)."" H. Suzuki locates this scene in Paalan village, Taizhong prefecture (1935, p.19).

14.	[wa0165] [Spinning and weaving in Hainan]	460 Labor; 290 Clothing; 280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 286 Woven Fabrics; 294 Clothing Manufacture; 462 Division of Labor by Gender	A Li woman on Hainan island weaving on a hand-loom.

15.	[wa0172] [Making pottery]	460 Labor; 320 Processing of Basic Materials; 250 Food Processing; 251 Preservation and Storage of Food; 323 Ceramic Technology; 462 Division of Labor by Gender

16.	[wa0182] 17 Formosa Singer	530 Arts; 460 Labor; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 533 Music; 290 Clothing; 300 Adornment	Lee (1996) translates 藝姐 as ""Geisha"" (not Singer as in the caption), writing, ""the Jiangshan Pavilion 江山楼 in Taipei's Dadaocheng 大稻埕 district was the famous red-light venue during the Japanese era, patronized by businessmen of the day. The geisha in this picture ... does not give the slightest appearance of ill repute"" (182). Ikuta Makoto's 2005 ""Japanese Postcard Catalog"" has a differently colored version of this card, with green shirt, with the caption ""Beautiful Girl of Formosa."" Ikuta classifies this card under ""bijin"" or ""beauty."" The Japanese caption on the postcard merely mentions that Taiwanese geisha do not dance, like Japanese geisha, but only sing, and in a very high voice. In the documentary ""Viva Tonal 跳舞时代 (Tiaowu shidai),"" this picture is used as background to explain that T

17.	[wa0188] A Savage-Woman Carrying Heavy Package, Kappanzaa [sic], Formosa	460 Labor; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 482 Burden Carrying; 480 Travel and Transportation	Woman and girl in Kappanzan, or Jiaoshanban.

18.	[wa0210] No. 207 A SWEET HOME OF SAVAGE FORMOSA	460 Labor; 290 Clothing; 280 Leather, Textiles, and Fabrics; 286 Woven Fabrics; 294 Clothing Manufacture; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 352 Furniture; 350 Equipment and Maintenance of Buildings	This photo appeared in the March 1, 1932, issue of ""Riban no tomo,"" or ""Friends of Aborigine Administration."" The caption reads [translation]: ""The Piyahau village of the Suao group are the innermost of the Nan'ao settlements. Their clothing and ornaments have retained their distinctive Atayal character"" (Riban no tomo I (Jan, 1932):4). Translation of Japanese caption: ""A Happy Household. It seems that for the most part, we see no signs of [labor] strife in an Aborigine home. The men plant, harvest, and hunt, while the women perform household chores; all in all they enjoy a peaceful existence."" This same image, colorized, with the Japanese intact, was still being reproduced and sold in Taiwan as late as December, 2007, under the imprint: ""[原味台湾] Aboriginal Peoples of Taiwan"". The back matter on these reproductions is trilingual: ""泰雅

19.	[wa0227] 3 Hunting by savage Youths, Formosa	230 Animal Husbandry; 460 Labor; 410 Tools and Appliances; 220 Food Quest; 462 Division of Labor by Gender; 231 Domesticated Animals; 411 Weapons; 224 Hunting and Trapping	According to Omi Wilang: ""One week after a son was born, his disconnected umbilical cord was placed in a rattan hunting box, and the whole family went out to the hunting path with the rattan hunting box for a wishing ritual; The mother held her son and wished him to be brave hunters in the future"" (Tung 1996, p. 186).This photo was also reproduced under the ""Taiwan Historical Postcards Series"" imprint, with the Japanese caption cropped off. The titles and captions on the back of the card are bilingual: ""終生的猟人/The Permanent Hunter/泰雅男子一生的事業以狩猟為重, 他们自小被期望成為一個尚武勇猛的猟人/The ritual clearly indicates that the Atayal people expect their

20.	[wa0233] 1 Making earthen wares by Ami women	460 Labor; 320 Processing of Basic Materials; 250 Food Processing; 251 Preservation and Storage of Food; 323 Ceramic Technology; 462 Division of Labor by Gender	This photo was taken on October, 1914 by Mori Ushinosuke. ""Women usually take on the job of pot-throwing, producing household items such as water pots, food containers, and jars"" (Mori's caption translated by Tung 1996, p. 172). Mori's caption [translated]: ""This is where girls can make pottery in the village of Pokupoku 薄々. The gourd-shaped pot on the left is for steaming grain and is called a torunan. The two-eared pots are for carrying water and are called atomo. The jar with the large opening is called a kaboi and is used for cooking. The small flower-vase and items like it are called Ruwasu, and are used for festival/rituals 祭器に用いる土器なり. The tools to make pots consist of only a round stone and a spatula or shuttlecock-shaped bamboo stamping device 竹箆及羽子板

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